By Saul Molobi
At a recent Drakensberg Inclusive Growth Forum, David Makhura, head of the ANC’s Political Education Committee, addressed a wide range of critical issues surrounding democracy, citizen participation, and the need for a new model of leadership in South Africa. Speaking passionately about the challenges faced by democratic systems, Makhura described a “crisis of democracy” that is manifesting globally and locally. He emphasized that after three decades of democracy in South Africa, signs of systemic challenges, especially within liberal democracy, are emerging.
“Democracy itself is facing a crisis,” Makhura stated. “This crisis is particularly impacting the Global South, affecting women, young black people, and those on the periphery of Western-dominated systems of economic governance and knowledge.” He cited the insights of the late Professor Ben Turok, describing the current era as one of “radical uncertainty and perplexing complexity,” which demands a more flexible, adaptive approach to problem-solving.
Makhura argued that while political parties play an important role, they cannot be the sole solution to societal issues. “We need citizen agency, and we must accept that having differences is normal,” he said. He applauded the forum’s atmosphere, which allowed for open, unrestricted debate without “holy cows” or untouchable topics, saying this was essential for tackling South Africa’s intractable problems.
Reflecting on voter turnout and civic disengagement, Makhura highlighted alarming figures: only 17 million of 42 million eligible voters participated in the most recent elections. “The growing withdrawal of citizens from democratic processes signals a crisis,” he remarked, urging a recommitment to engaging citizens in governance. “A democratic state should not be the ultimate answer to all of society’s problems,” he said. Instead, Makhura suggested that democracy should emphasize “popular participation and democratic deliberation,” which he described as the true essence of democratic governance.
Makhura also stressed that effective leadership must extend beyond government and political parties. “Leadership must be exercised in various institutions—households, communities, businesses, civil society organizations. True leadership is about mobilizing society to face up to challenges and fostering collective action.”
He praised the leadership displayed by the forum organizers, noting that the event served as a “leadership school” and a powerful model of inclusive dialogue. “The foundation’s work here has been a leadership sport,” he concluded, pointing to universities, NGOs, traditional leadership, and social movements as additional spaces for cultivating the future leaders South Africa needs.
In closing, Makhura called for a renewed commitment to consensus-building and open debate in facing South Africa’s challenges. He urged citizens and leaders alike to engage actively in the democratic process, building not only a resilient nation but also a model of democratic renewal for the world.